My Evergreen Tree is All Brown, What Should I Do?

Evergreens are prized for their year-round beauty and vibrant foliage, so it can be alarming to see brown patches on your tree. While it’s natural for evergreens to shed some older needles (a process called seasonal needle drop), widespread browning often signals a problem. Here's a guide to why it happens and how to help your tree recover.

Common Causes of Browning in Evergreens

• Drought Stress
  Lack of water, especially during hot summers or dry winters, can cause browning. Evergreens need consistent moisture to thrive.
• Winter Burn
  Cold winds and bright winter sun can dehydrate evergreen foliage, leading to browning on the windward side. This is common in late winter when the roots can’t access water from frozen ground.
• Pests and Diseases
  Insects like spider mites or diseases like root rot and needle blight can cause discoloration. Check for small webs, spots, or unusual patterns on the needles.
• Poor Soil Conditions
  Compact soil or a lack of nutrients can stress evergreens, weakening them and making them more susceptible to browning.
• Transplant Shock
  If the tree was recently planted, it might be struggling to adjust to its new environment, leading to brown tips or sections.
• Overwatering
  While drought can harm evergreens, too much water can suffocate roots and lead to fungal issues that cause browning.

How to Fix a Browning Evergreen

• Assess the Cause
  Inspect the tree closely for pests, signs of disease, or damage to the trunk and branches. Look at the soil for signs of water pooling or dryness.
• Water Wisely
  Ensure your tree gets consistent but not excessive water. Use a soaker hose or drip irrigation to maintain soil moisture, especially during droughts.
• Mulch for Protection
  Apply a 2-3 inch layer of organic mulch around the base, keeping it a few inches from the trunk. This helps retain moisture and regulate soil temperature.
• Prune Dead Growth
  Remove dead or heavily browned branches with sterilized tools to prevent pests or diseases from spreading.
• Fertilize as Needed
  If soil testing reveals nutrient deficiencies, apply a slow-release fertilizer designed for evergreens in early spring. Avoid over-fertilizing, as this can damage the roots.
• Protect from Winter Burn
  Wrap the tree in burlap or install windbreaks in exposed areas during winter. Water thoroughly in late fall to ensure the tree is hydrated before the ground freezes.
• Consult a Professional
  If the browning persists or the tree shows signs of widespread decline, reach out to a professional. They can provide expert diagnosis and treatment.

While browning can be distressing, it’s often reversible with timely care. Pay attention to your tree’s needs throughout the year, and take preventive measures to avoid stress. A healthy evergreen can quickly bounce back, rewarding you with its lush green beauty for years to come.

Contact your local Spring Green professional for expert lawn, pest and tree advice.